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Summaries are part of the student's routine. But have you ever heard of expanded summary and simple summary? If you want to have a calmer academic life, then my advice would be: get to know them and make these summaries your best friends. Stop to think. Probably, of all scientific genres ( see 8 of them here ), perhaps the abstract is the one you are most familiar with. This happens because it is common for students to have their first contact with this type of scientific work when they are still young, in elementary school. Academically speaking, contact with the summary becomes closer – and we can say that it also becomes more “structured” – with the arrival of high school and college. It is at this time that we are constantly challenged to write, following certain norms and standards, summaries of books, films and documentaries, for example. At graduation, we also have to frequently summarize scientific articles. –> How to read academic articles: a guide for laymen.
My intention today is to make you understand the academic summary genre, its variations and what information cannot be missing when preparing your expanded or simple summary. What is an academic summary? Summary, according to NBR 6028 of ABNT (Brazilian Association of Technical Standards), is the concise presentation of the relevant points of a document. It must bring the objectives, methods and conclusions about the analyzed document, making the summary reader decide whether reading the text is relevant or not. Still according to this definition, summaries can be critical, indicative or DM Databases informative. Critical summaries are those that are written by experts, who critically analyze a document. Therefore, they are also known as reviews. Indicative summaries indicate the main points of a document and, therefore, need to consult the original. The indicative summaries do not discuss these points, nor do they present qualitative or quantitative data related to the topic. Informative summaries work, as the name suggests, with more information.
It informs the reader of the purposes, methodology, results and conclusions of the document, in such a way that the reader can even dispense with consulting the original. It should be noted, however, that this NBR 6028 only addresses summaries of academic texts, such as theses, articles, dissertations and monographs. In practice, it is common for students to come across two other types of summary: the simple summary and the expanded summary . I will talk about them later. However, regardless of the type, summaries must, according to ABNT, follow a structure. General structure of academic abstracts So, pay attention to what ABNT says about the structure of abstracts: Every summary, with the exception of that inserted in the document itself (such as, for example, the summary that precedes the scientific article), must be preceded by the reference to the document that will be summarized. This reference must comply with ABNT standards. Present and highlight, in your summary, the objective, method, results and conclusions of the analyzed document. Do not cover summary information in bullet points.
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